Modernisation in Timor Leste: the ‘community’ at stake

Timor Leste has recently celebrated its 10 th anniversary of independence and statehood. During the past decade the country has undergone a significant transition into, what is now, a relatively stable modern, democratic State. In some respects, however, this ‘development’ has happened at the demise of the social significance of indigenous culture, particularly within urbanised areas and demographics. This paper is a case study of the Aileu district of Timor Leste. The paper analyses the role of indigenous Timorese culture in maintaining a cohesive and functional community. I will reflect on the power of indigenous and religious culture to inspire a sense of community in Aileu, mediated by the uma lulik (sacred house) and their respect for humanity’s common origin, and then discuss the negative effects of forms of modernisation, such as a competitive multi-party political system and an individualistic economic environment. The paper will conclude by warning against a rush towards modernisation in fledgling nations such as Timor Leste, if the trajectory does not properly preserve, presumably through educational means, the procommunity practices and values that are indigenous to the area.